Maps and Data - Vehicle Weight Classes & Categories
Find maps and charts showing transportation data and trends related to alternative fuels and vehicles.
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Vehicles: Fuel Consumption and Efficiency
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Fuel Economy and Consumption of Light-Duty Vehicles
Relationship between fuel economy and lifetime fuel consumption for light-duty vehicles Last update May 2021
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Fuel Economy at Various Driving Speeds
Trend of fuel efficiency at different vehicle speeds, grouped by fuel type Last update May 2021
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Fuel Use by Transportation Mode in 2019
Breakdown of fuel used in the United States by transportation mode, 2019 Last update May 2023
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Power and Fuel Economy of the Average Light-Duty Vehicle
Trend of vehicle horsepower and fuel economy from 1975 to 2023 Last update February 2024
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Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) Requirements by Year
Trend of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) vehicle fuel efficiency standards from 1978 to 2031 Last update October 2024
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Vehicles: Vehicle Market
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AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer
Trend of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) models by manufacturer, 1991-2024 Last update October 2024
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Efficiency Ratios for Light-Duty All-Electric Vehicles in the United States
Provides efficiency ratios of on-road all-electric vehicles in the United States in 2021, based on vehicle registration data. Last update September 2024
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Light-Duty Vehicles Produced in the United States
Trend in the number and types of light-duty vehicles produced from 1975 to 2022 Last update October 2024
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TransAtlas
Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Types of Vehicles by Weight Class
Chart shows typical vehicle types within the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes Last update June 2012
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U.S. Vehicles by Transportation Mode
Breakdown of self-propelled vehicles by transportation mode in the United States (2021) Last update January 2024
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Vehicle Weight Classes & Categories
Charts illustrate the vehicle weight classes and categories used by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the U.S. Census Bureau, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Last update June 2012
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Vehicles: Driving Patterns
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Annual Vehicle Miles Traveled in the United States
Trend of vehicle miles traveled from 1970 to 2023 Last update October 2024
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Average Fuel Economy by Major Vehicle Category
Comparison of fuel economy among vehicle types Last update January 2024
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Average Monthly Fluctuation in U.S. Vehicle Miles Traveled
U.S. vehicle miles traveled for each month of the year, averaged from 2010 to 2023 Last update October 2024
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Average Vehicle Trip Length by Purpose (2017)
Comparison of average vehicle trip length by purpose in the United States Last update October 2022
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Means of Transportation to Work
Trend of how people commuted to work in the United States from 1980 to 2019 Last update June 2022
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Share of All U.S. Vehicle Trips by Length (miles)
Breakdown of trip lengths among all vehicle trips Last update January 2024
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Laws & Incentives
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Biodiesel Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of biodiesel
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Electric Vehicle Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to electric vehicles
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Ethanol Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of ethanol
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Fuel Taxes by Country
Comparison of gasoline and diesel taxes in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries Last update March 2019
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Hydrogen Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of hydrogen
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Incentive Additions by Policy Type
Trend of state law and incentive enactments listed by incentive type from 2002 to 2023 Last update April 2024
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Law and Incentive Additions by Fuel/Technology Type
Trend of state law and incentive enactments, listed by the targeted technology or fuel type, from 2002 to 2023 Last update June 2024
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| Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (lbs) | Federal Highway Administration | US Census Bureau | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vehicle Class | GVWR Category | VIUS Classes | |
| > 6,000 | Class 1: < 6,000 lbs | Light Duty < 10,000 lbs |
Light Duty < 10,000 lbs |
| 10,000 | Class 2: 6,001 – 10,000 lbs | ||
| 14,000 | Class 3: 10,001 – 14,000 lbs | Medium Duty 10,001 – 26,000 lbs |
Medium Duty 10,001 – 19,500 lbs |
| 16,000 | Class 4: 14,001 – 16,000 lbs | ||
| 19,500 | Class 5: 16,001 – 19,500 lbs | ||
| 26,000 | Class 6: 19,501 – 26,000 lbs | Light Heavy Duty 19,001 – 26,000 lbs |
|
| 33,000 | Class 7: 26,001 – 33,000 lbs | Heavy Duty > 26,001 lbs |
Heavy Duty > 26,001 lbs |
| > 33,000 | Class 8: > 33,001 lbs | ||
| Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (lbs) | EPA Emissions Classification | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heavy Duty Vehicle and Engines | Light Duty Vehicles | |||
| H.D. Trucks | H.D. Engines | General Trucks | Passenger Vehicles | |
| < 6,000 | Light Duty Truck 1 & 2 < 6,000 lbs |
Light Light Duty Trucks < 6,000 lbs |
Light Duty Trucks < 8,500 lbs |
Light Duty Vehicle < 8,500 lbs |
| 8,500 | Light Duty Truck 3 & 4 6,001 – 8,500 lbs |
Heavy Light Duty Trucks 6,001 – 8,500 lbs |
||
| 10,000 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 2b 8,501 – 10,000 lbs |
Light Heavy Duty Engines 8,501 – 19,500 lbs |
Heavy Duty Vehicle Heavy Duty Engine > 8,500 lbs |
Medium Duty Passenger Vehicle 8,501 – 10,000 lbs |
| 14,000 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 3 10,001 – 14,000 lbs |
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| 16,000 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 4 14,001 – 16,000 lbs |
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| 19,500 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 5 16,001 – 19,500 lbs |
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| 26,000 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 6 19,501 – 26,000 lbs |
Medium Heavy Duty Engines 19,501 – 33,000 lbs |
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| 33,000 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 7 26,001 – 33,000 lbs |
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| 60,000 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 8a 33,001 – 60,000 lbs |
Heavy Heavy Duty Engines Urban Bus > 33,001 lbs |
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| > 60,000 | Heavy Duty Vehicle 8b > 60,001 lbs |
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These charts illustrate the vehicle weight classes and categories used by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the U.S. Census Bureau, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The vehicle weight classes are defined by FHWA and are used consistently throughout the industry. These classes, 1-8, are based on gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), the maximum weight of the vehicle, as specified by the manufacturer. GVWR includes total vehicle weight plus fluids, passengers, and cargo. FHWA categorizes vehicles as Light Duty (Class 1-2), Medium Duty (Class 3-6), and Heavy Duty (Class 7-8). EPA defines vehicle categories, also by GVWR, for the purposes of emissions and fuel economy certification. EPA classifies vehicles as Light Duty (GVWR < 8,500 lb) or Heavy Duty (GVWR > 8,501 lb). Within the Heavy-Duty class, there is a Medium Heavy Duty Diesel Engine class for engine-only certification, but no Medium-Duty Vehicle class. The September 2011 U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT)/EPA rulemaking on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles uses categories and weights for Heavy-Duty Vehicle Classes 2b through 8, similar to the FHWA weight classes.