California Laws and Incentives

Listed below are the summaries of all current California laws, incentives, regulations, funding opportunities, and other initiatives related to alternative fuels and vehicles, advanced technologies, or air quality. You can go directly to summaries of:

• State Incentives (44)
• Utility / Private Incentives (60)
• Laws and Regulations (84)

State Incentives

California’s National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) Planning

The U.S. Department of Transportation’s (DOT) NEVI Formula Program requires the California Department of Transportation to submit an annual EV Infrastructure Deployment Plan (Plan) to the DOT and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Office of Energy and Transportation (Joint Office), describing how the state intends to distribute NEVI funds. The submitted plans must be established according to NEVI guidance.

For more information about California’s NEVI planning process, see the California Energy Commission NEVI website. To review California’s NEVI plan, see the Joint Office State Plans for EV Charging website.

Bus Replacement Grant

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) offers grants for the purchase of new zero-emission buses to replace old gasoline, diesel, compressed natural gas, or propane buses. Grants awards vary based on vehicle type and are available in the following amounts:

Vehicle	Maximum Grant Amount
Electric Transit Bus	$216,000
Fuel Cell Transit Bus	$480,000
Electric School Bus	$400,000
Electric School Bus (CARB non-compliant)	$380,000
Electric Shuttle Bus	$192,000

Non-compliant school buses are vehicles that are not compliant with the CARB Truck and Bus Regulation. Eligible applicants include owners of transit, school, and shuttle buses. Grants are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. The program is funded by California’s portion of the Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Trust. For more information, including funding availability, see the CARB’s Volkswagen Settlement website.

Heavy-Duty Low Emission Vehicle Replacement and Repower Grants

The South Coast Air Quality Management District offers grants for the replacement or repower of eligible class 7 and 8 heavy-duty vehicles with low oxide of nitrogen (NOx) vehicles. Grants may cover up to 40% of non-government project costs and up to 100% of government project costs. Eligible applicants include Class 7 and 8 freight trucks, drayage trucks, dump trucks, waste haulers, and concrete mixers, freight switcher locomotives. Grants are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. The program is funded by California’s portion of the Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Trust. For more information, including program guidance and application, see the California Air Resources Board’s Volkswagen Settlement website.

Low Emission Truck and Bus Purchase Vouchers

Through the Hybrid and Zero Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project (HVIP) and Low Oxide of Nitrogen (NOx) Engine Incentives, the California Air Resources Board provides vouchers to eligible fleets to reduce the incremental cost of qualified electric, hybrid, or hydrogen trucks and buses at the time of purchase. Vouchers are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Only fleets that operate vehicles in California are eligible. Voucher amounts vary depending on whether the vehicles are located in a disadvantaged community. For more information, including a list of qualified vehicles and other requirements, see the HVIP website.

Vehicle Replacement Program - Bay Area

The Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s (BAAQMD) Buy Back Program offers Bay Area residents $1,500 to turn in their operable, registered 1998 or older vehicle for scrapping. Vehicles must meet eligibility requirements and pass an eligibility inspection. For more information, see the BAAQMD Vehicle Buy Back Program website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Incentive Program Support

The California Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Project (CALeVIP), funded by the California Energy Commission, provides guidance and funding for property owners to develop and implement EV charger incentive programs that help meet regional needs for Level 2 and direct current (DC) fast chargers. Level 2 EV chargers must be ENERGY STAR certified. CALeVIP evaluates proposed EV charger incentive programs and solicits input from stakeholders to guide the development and implementation of the programs. CALeVIP also provides incentive funding for each program. For more information, see the CALeVIP website.

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Rebate – El Dorado County 

The El Dorado County Air Quality Management District (EDC AQMD) offers rebates of up to $300 to residents for the purchase of a Level 2 EV charger. For more information, including eligibility requirements, see the EDC AQMD Grants and Incentives website. 

Alternative Fuel and Vehicle Incentives

The California Energy Commission (CEC) administers the Clean Transportation Program (Program) to provide financial incentives for businesses, vehicle and technology manufacturers, workforce training partners, fleet owners, consumers, and academic institutions with the goal of developing and deploying alternative and renewable fuels and advanced transportation technologies. Funding areas include:

• Electric vehicles and charging infrastructure;
• Hydrogen vehicles and refueling infrastructure;
• Medium- and heavy-duty zero emission vehicles; and,
• Workforce development.

The CEC must prepare and adopt an annual Investment Plan for the Program to establish funding priorities and opportunities that reflect program goals and to describe how program funding will complement other public and private investments. For more information, see the Program website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44272 - 44273 and California Code of Regulations, Title 13, Chapter 8.1)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Near-ZEV Weight Exemption

ZEVs and near-ZEVs may exceed the state’s gross vehicle weight limits by an amount equal to the difference of the weight of the near-zero emission or zero emission powertrain and the weight of a comparable diesel tank and fueling system, up to 2,000 pounds. A ZEV is defined as a vehicle that produces no criteria pollutant, toxic air contaminant, or greenhouse gas emissions when stationary or operating. A near-ZEV is a vehicle that uses zero emission technologies, uses technologies that provide a pathway to zero emission operations, or incorporates other technologies that significantly reduce vehicle emissions.

(Reference Assembly Bill 1953, 2024 and California Business and Professions Code 12725 and California Vehicle Code 35551 and 35559)

Voluntary Vehicle Retirement and Replacement Incentives

Through the California Bureau of Automotive Repair’s (Bureau) Consumer Assistance Program (CAP), the owner of a personal motor vehicle may receive $1,000 to retire the vehicle early from operation and purchase a replacement vehicle that meets emission fuel economy and model year requirements. Applicants must provide proof of a failed smog test and may retire up to two vehicles annually. Low-income eligible applicants may receive $1,500 to retire the vehicle and must provide proof of a completed smog test, pass or fail. An eligible vehicle must be registered in the state without substantial lapse for at least two years prior to retirement. The owner must retire the vehicle at a dismantler under contract with the Bureau. For low-income eligible applicants, the Bureau also offers financial assistance of up to $1,200 toward emissions-related repairs for vehicles remaining in service that cannot pass the biennial smog check inspection. For more information, additional eligibility requirements, eligible replacement vehicles, and application materials, see the CAP website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44062.3 and 44125)

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) and High Occupancy Toll (HOT) Lane Exemption

Compressed natural gas, hydrogen, electric, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles meeting specified California and federal emissions standards and affixed with a California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) Clean Air Vehicle sticker may use HOV lanes regardless of the number of occupants in the vehicle. Blue stickers expire January 1, 2025; and yellow, burgundy, and green stickers expire September 30, 2025.

Vehicles originally issued white, green, orange, purple, or red decals are no longer eligible to participate in this program. Additionally, the Income-Based CAV Decal Program expired January 1, 2024. Vehicles with stickers are also eligible for reduced rates on or exemptions from toll charges imposed on HOT lanes. For more information and restrictions, including a list of qualifying vehicles and additional eligibility requirements, see the California Air Resources Board Carpool Stickers website.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2678, 2024 and California Vehicle Code 5205.5 and 21655.9)

Fuel-Efficient Vehicle Tax Exemption

Vehicles purchased using a grant from the Clean Cars 4 All Program are exempt from sales tax. Additional requirements apply. For more information, see the CARB Clean Cars 4 All website.

(Reference California Revenue and Taxation Code 6368.2)

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Fueling Station Financing Program

The California Pollution Control Financing Authority (CPCFA) offers three pilot loan programs to fleets looking to purchase new or pre-owned MHD ZEVs and associated fueling infrastructure. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including details about each pilot program, see the CPCFA Zero-Emission Heavy-Duty Programs website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44272)

Emissions Reductions Grants

The Carl Moyer Memorial Air Quality Standards Attainment Program (Program) provides incentives to cover the incremental cost of purchasing engines and equipment that are cleaner than required by law. Eligible projects include heavy-duty fleet modernization, light-duty vehicle replacements and retrofits, idle reduction technology, off-road vehicle and equipment purchases, and alternative fuel and electric vehicle infrastructure projects. The Program provides funds for significant near-term reductions in nitrogen oxide emissions, reactive organic gases, and particulate matter emissions. Funding is available until January 1, 2034. The California Air Resources Board, in consultation with local air districts, must convene working groups to evaluate the Program’s policies and goals.

Contact local air districts and see the program website for more information about grant funding availability and distribution.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44275-44299.2)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Infrastructure Pilot Project Grants

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Advanced Technology Demonstration and Pilot Projects Program offers funding for pre-commercial demonstrations and large-scale pilots of on- and off-road ZEVs and zero emission equipment that help California meet its goals to reduce criteria pollutants, greenhouse gas emissions, and petroleum use. Eligible applicants include local air districts, California public entities, and nonprofits. Priority is given to projects located in or serving priority populations. For more information, see the CARB Advanced Technology Demonstration and Pilot Projects website.

Government Fleet Electric Vehicle Charger Station Grants

The California Energy Commission (CEC) Clean Transportation Program provides grants to light-duty local government and tribal government fleets for the purchase, installation, and maintenance of Level 2 and direct current (DC) fast chargers. Applicants may receive up to $12,500 per Level 2 port and up to $100,000 per DC fast charging port. Eligible projects must install a minimum of 100 charging ports. Applicants must be in California and provide a cost share of at least 30%. For more information, see the CEC Charging Infrastructure for Government Fleets website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44272-44273)

Advanced Transportation Tax Exclusion

The California Alternative Energy and Advanced Transportation Financing Authority (CAEATFA) provides a sales and use tax exclusion for qualified manufacturers of advanced transportation products, components, or systems that reduce pollution and energy use and promote economic development. Incentives are available until December 31, 2025. For more information, including application materials, see the CAEATFA Sales and Use Tax Exclusion Program website.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 26000-26017)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Grant – Antelope Valley

Antelope Valley Air Quality Management District (AVAQMD) offers grants for the installation of public EV chargers, up to 70% of the total costs of infrastructure, equipment, and installation of eligible projects. Preferred project sites include retail centers, multifamily housing, workplaces, hospitals, public transit stations, and park & rides. For more information, including application criteria and eligibility requirements, visit the AVAQMD Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Program website.

School Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Infrastructure Grants

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Clean Mobility in Schools Project (CMIS) offers funding for zero emission shuttles, transit buses, school buses, and infrastructure to public schools, local governments, community-based organizations, amd tribal governments. All projects must be located in or serve priority populations. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CARB CMIS website.

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and Electricity Tax Exemption for Transit Use

CNG and electricity that local agencies or public transit operators use as motor vehicle fuel to operate public transit services is exempt from applicable user taxes a county imposes.

(Reference California Revenue and Taxation Code 7284.3)

Zero Emission Transit Bus Tax Exemption

Zero-emission transit buses are exempt from state sales and use taxes when sold to public agencies eligible for the Low Emission Truck and Bus Purchase Vouchers. This exemption expires January 1, 2026.

(Reference California Revenue and Taxation Code 6377)

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Financing Program

Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Loss Reserve Program financing allows property owners to borrow funds to pay for energy improvements, including purchasing and installing EV chargers. The borrower repays the financing over a defined period of time through a special assessment on the property. Local governments in California are authorized to establish PACE programs. Property owners must agree to a contractual assessment on the property tax bill, have a clean property title, and be current on property taxes and mortgages. Financing limits are 15% of the first $700,000 of the property value and 10% of the remaining property value. For more information, see the California Alternative Energy and Advanced Transportation Financing Authority PACE Loss Reserve Program website.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 26050-26082)

Zero Emission Bus and Infrastructure Equity Grants

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Sustainable Transportation Equity Project (STEP) offers funding for zero emission buses and infrastructure. Eligible applicants include community-based organizations, local governments, and tribal governments that serve priority populations throughout California. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CARB STEP website.

Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Hydrogen Fueling Station Grants

The California Energy Commission (CEC) offers funding of up to $10 million for projects that provide publicly-accessible hydrogen fueling stations. Projects must have four or more hydrogen refueling stations that primarily serve light-duty fuel cell electric vehicles. Applicants may only receive one grant award and include all public and private entities. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CEC LDV and Multi-Use Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 43018.9 and Executive Order B-48-18)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Rebate - Antelope Valley

The Antelope Valley Air Quality Management District (AVAQMD) offers residents rebates of up to $500 for the purchase or lease of an EV from a dealership within the Antelope Valley jurisdiction. For more information, including how to apply, see the AVAQMD website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) Grant - Bay Area

The Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s (BAAQMD) Clean Cars for All program offers grants up to $12,000 to income-eligible residents to replace a vehicle eligible for retirement with an EV, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), or FCEV. Eligible vehicles for replacement should be model year 2007 or older. Recipients may buy or lease a new or used EV, HEV, PHEV, or FCEV. Grants vary depending on the household income and vehicle technology. Vehicles that are replaced must be turned in at an authorized dismantler.

Individuals that purchase a PHEV or EV are eligible to receive up to $2,000 for the purchase and installation of Level 2 electric charger.

For more information, including additional eligibility requirements and how to apply, see the BAAQMD Clean Cars for All website.

Clean Vehicle Rebate - El Dorado County

The El Dorado County Air Quality Management District (EDC AQMD) offers rebates of up to $599 to residents toward the purchase or lease of a new zero emission vehicle (ZEV) or partial-ZEV, as defined by the California Air Resources Board. To qualify, vehicles must be owned or leased for at least three years within El Dorado County. For more information, including eligibility requirements, see the EDC AQMD Grants and Incentives website.

Heavy-Duty Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Grant – Santa Barbara County

The Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District (SBCAPCD) provides grants to offset the costs of zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles that reduce on-road emissions within Santa Barbara County. Eligible projects include the replacement of commercial trucks and buses, transit buses, authorized emergency vehicle, transportation refrigeration units, and more. Eligible technology includes the purchase of battery-electric or hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Priority will be given to projects located in multifamily housing or low-income communities. For more information, including current funding opportunities, see the SBCAPCD Clean Air Grants website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebate - South Coast and MSRC

The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and the Mobile Source Air Pollution Reduction Review Committee’s (MSRC) Residential EV Charging Incentive Pilot Program offers rebates of up to $500 for the purchase of a qualified residential Level 2 EV charger. Funding is available on a first-come, first-served basis to low-income residents within the SCAQMD jurisdiction. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including application guidelines, see the Residential EV Charging Incentive Pilot Program website.

Employer Invested Emissions Reduction Funding - South Coast

The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) administers the Air Quality Investment Program (AQIP). AQIP provides funding to allow employers within SCAQMD’s jurisdiction to make annual investments into an administered fund to meet employers’ emissions reduction targets. The revenues collected are used to fund alternative mobile source emissions and trip reduction programs, including alternative fuel vehicle projects, on an on-going basis. Programs such as low emission, alternative fuel, or zero emission vehicle procurement and old vehicle scrapping may be considered for funding. For more information, including current requests for proposals and funding opportunities, see the AQIP website.

Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Rebate - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) administers the Drive Clean! Rebate Program, which provides rebates for the purchase or lease of eligible new vehicles, including qualified natural gas, hydrogen fuel cell, all-electric, plug-in electric vehicles, and zero emission motorcycles. The program offers rebates of up to $3,000, which are available on a first-come, first-served basis for residents and businesses located in the SJVAPCD. For more information, including a list of eligible vehicles and other requirements, see the SJVAPCD Drive Clean! Rebate Program website.

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Incentives - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District administers the Public Benefit Grant Program, which provides funding to cities, counties, special districts (such as water districts and irrigation districts), and public educational institutions for the purchase of new AFVs, including electric, hybrid electric, natural gas, and propane vehicles. The maximum grant amount allowed per vehicle is $20,000, with a limit of $100,000 per agency per year. Projects are considered on a first-come, first-serve basis. For more information, see the Public Benefit Grant Program website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Incentives - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) administers the Charge Up! Program, which provides funding for public agencies, businesses, and property owners of multifamily housing for the purchase and installation of new EV chargers. Rebates are available in the following amounts:

EV Charger Type	Maximum Rebate Amount per EV Charger	Minimum Cost Share
Single Port Level 2	$5,000	None
Dual Port Level 2	$6,000	None
Direct Current (DC) Fast Charger	$25,000	30% of Total Cost

Annual funding is capped at $50,000 per applicant. For more information, including application requirements and restrictions, see the SJVAPCD Charge Up! Program website.

Heavy-Duty Truck Emission Reduction Grants - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) administers the Truck Replacement Program, which provides funding for fleets to replace old vehicles with lower emitting vehicles or to purchase new zero emission, hybrid, or low oxides of nitrogen (NOx) vehicles. Funding is available for the following projects:

• Replacement of model year (MY) 2018 Class 4-8 heavy-duty trucks with new zero emission or low NOx trucks;
• Replacement of MY 2018 or older Class 7-8 diesel truck with new zero emission trucks; and,
• Replacement of MY 2018 or older Class 7-8 diesel trucks with new zero emission trucks.

Incentive amounts vary by weight class and fuel type. Fleets may receive up to 80% of the vehicle cost for new diesel trucks. To qualify, eligible trucks for replacement must be garaged in the SJVAPCD and have operated at least 75% of the time in California and 50% of the time in the SJVAPCD for the previous two years. For more information, including application requirements, see the SJVAPCD Truck Replacement Program website.

Alternative Fuel Mechanic Technical Training - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) administers the Alternative Fuel Mechanic Training Program, which provides incentives of up to $15,000 per fiscal year to educate personnel on the mechanics, operation safety, and maintenance of alternative fuel vehicles, fueling stations, and tools involved in the implementation of alternative fuel technologies. For more information, see the SJVAPCD Alternative Fuel Mechanic Training Component website.

Air Quality Improvement Program Funding - Ventura County

The Ventura County Air Pollution Control District (VCAPCD) administers the Clean Air Fund, which provides grants for qualified air quality improvement projects located in Ventura County. The Clean Air Fund Advisory Committee is interested in projects that will have significant emissions reduction impacts. For more information, see the VCAPCD Clean Air Fund website.

Air Quality Improvement Program Funding - San Luis Obispo County

The San Luis Obispo County Air Pollution Control District (SLOAPCD) administers the Clean Air Fund to provide grants for qualified air quality improvement projects located in San Luis Obispo County. SLOAPCD funds projects to significantly reduce emissions impacts or support innovative air pollution reduction technologies, including the purchase of alternative fuel school buses or alternative fuel infrastructure development. For more information, see the SLOAPCD Clean Air Incentives website.

Zero Emission Transit Funding

The California Clean Mobility Options Voucher Pilot Program offers vouchers of up to $100,000 per transportation needs assessment and $1,500,000 per project for the purchase of zero-emission vehicles, infrastructure, planning, outreach, and operations projects in low-income communities, disadvantaged communities, and tribal areas. For more information, see the Clean Mobility Options website.

Multifamily Housing (MFH) Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Grants

The California Energy Commission (CEC) offers grants through the Clean Transportation Program for the installation of Level 2 EV chargers at MFH units. Eligible applicants include all public and private entities. Investor-owned utilities are not eligible. Projects must install a minimum of 120 charging ports. A minimum of 50% of a project’s EV charging ports must be installed within underserved or low-income communities. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CEC Reliable, Equitable, and Accessible Charging for MFH 3.0 website.

Vehicle Grid Integration (VGI) Research and Development Grants

The California Energy Commission (CEC) offers grants to projects that address VGI knowledge gaps; high costs of vehicle to everything or bidirectional charging equipment, as compared to unidirectional charging; and the lack of access to cost-effective, accurate, and flexible submetering solutions. The maximum grant allowed per project is $3,000,000. Eligible applicants include all public and private entities. Local publicly owned electric utilities are not eligible. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CEC Enabling Electric Vehicles as Distributed Energy Resources website.

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Financing Program

The California Pollution Control Financing Authority (CPCFA) must develop and implement a purchasing assistance program for MHD ZEV fleets. CPCFA must consult with stakeholders to design a program that provides financial support and technical assistance to fleet managers deploying MHD ZEVs. CPCFA must designate high-priority fleets, considering implications for climate change, pollution, environmental justice, and post-COVID economy recovery. A minimum of 75% of financing products must be directed towards operators of MHD ZEV fleets whose fleets directly impact, or operate in, underserved communities. CPCFA must establish the program by January 1, 2023, and provide annual reports on program outcomes to the California Air Resources Board.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44272)

Electric Vehicle Charging Station Rebate – Northern and Southern California

The Golden State Priority Project, funded by the California Energy Commission as part of the California Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Project (CALeVIP), offers rebates for the purchase and installation of direct current (DC) fast chargers. Rebates will fund 50% of project costs, up to the following amounts:

Eligible applicants include businesses, non-profit organizations, tribal governments, or government entities. Applicants may receive rebates for a maximum of 20 DC fast charging connectors. Qualifying installation sites must be accessible to the public 24 hours a day in underserved and low-income census tracts located in Central or Eastern California. For more information, including additional eligibility requirements, see the CALeVIP Golden State Priority Project website.

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Infrastructure Grants

The Energy Infrastructure Incentives for Zero-Emission Commercial Vehicles (EnergIIZE), funded by the California Energy Commission, offers grants for the purchase and installation of ZEV infrastructure for MHD electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. Eligible applicants include commercial fleets, station owners, and ZEV infrastructure vendors and installers. Incentive amounts vary based on project type. Increased incentive amounts are available for commercial fleets that operate in low-income and underserved communities. For more information, including eligible project types and funding amounts, see the EnergIIZE website.

Zero Emission School Bus Grants

The Hybrid and Zero-Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project (HVIP) Public Bus Set-Aside Program, funded by the California Air Resources Board and the California Energy Commission, offers grants for the purchase of new zero emission school buses to replace fossil fuel-powered buses. Grants awards vary based on vehicle type and are available in the following amounts:

Eligible applicants include public school districts, public charter schools, joint power authorities, county offices of education, and the Division of State Special Schools of the California Department of Education. For more information, including funding priorities and availability, see the HVIP Program Public School Bus Set-Aside website.

Utility / Private Incentives

Alameda Municipal Power - California

Alameda Municipal Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Alameda Municipal Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Anaheim Public Utilities - California

Anaheim Public Utilities is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Anaheim Public Utilities website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Anza Electric Cooperative Inc - California

Anza Electric Cooperative Inc is a cooperative that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Anza Electric Cooperative Inc website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Apple Valley Choice Energy - California

Apple Valley Choice Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Apple Valley Choice Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Ava Energy - California

Ava Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Ava Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Azusa Light & Water - California

Azusa Light & Water is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Azusa Light & Water website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Bear Valley Electric Service - California

Bear Valley Electric Service is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Bear Valley Electric Service website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Burbank Water & Power - California

Burbank Water & Power is a cooperative that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Burbank Water & Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Central Coast Community Energy - California

Central Coast Community Energy is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Central Coast Community Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Cerritos Electric Utility - California

Cerritos Electric Utility is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Cerritos Electric Utility website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

City and County of San Francisco - California

City and County of San Francisco is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the City and County of San Francisco website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

City of Banning Electric Department - California

City of Banning Electric Department is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the City of Banning Electric Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

City of Industry Electric Utility - California

City of Industry Electric Utility is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the City of Industry Electric Utility website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Clean Energy Alliance - California

Clean Energy Alliance is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Clean Energy Alliance website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Clean Power Alliance - California

Clean Power Alliance is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Clean Power Alliance website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

CleanPowerSF - California

CleanPowerSF is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the CleanPowerSF website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Colton Public Utilities - California

Colton Public Utilities is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Colton Public Utilities website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Corona Department of Water and Power - California

Corona Department of Water and Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Corona Department of Water and Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Desert Community Energy - California

Desert Community Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Desert Community Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Energy for Palmdales Independent Choice - California

Energy for Palmdales Independent Choice is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Energy for Palmdales Independent Choice website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Glendale Public Service Department - California

Glendale Public Service Department is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Glendale Public Service Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Glendale Water and Power - California

Glendale Water and Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Glendale Water and Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Imperial Irrigation District - California

Imperial Irrigation District is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Imperial Irrigation District website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Lancaster Energy - California

Lancaster Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Lancaster Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Liberty Utilities - California

Liberty Utilities is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Liberty Utilities website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - California

Los Angeles Department of Water and Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

MCE - California

MCE is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the MCE website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Moreno Valley Utility - California

Moreno Valley Utility is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Moreno Valley Utility website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Needles Public Utility Authority - California

Needles Public Utility Authority is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Needles Public Utility Authority website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Orange County Power Authority - California

Orange County Power Authority is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Orange County Power Authority website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

PacifiCorp - California

PacifiCorp is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the PacifiCorp website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Pacific Gas and Electric - California

Pacific Gas and Electric is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Pacific Gas and Electric website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Pacific Power - California

Pacific Power is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in multiple states. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Pacific Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Palo Alto Utilities Department - California

Palo Alto Utilities Department is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Palo Alto Utilities Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Pasadena Water & Power - California

Pasadena Water & Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Pasadena Water & Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Peninsula Clean Energy - California

Peninsula Clean Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Peninsula Clean Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Pico Rivera Innovative Municipal Energy - California

Pico Rivera Innovative Municipal Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Pico Rivera Innovative Municipal Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Pioneer Community Energy - California

Pioneer Community Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Pioneer Community Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Ponoma Choice Energy - California

Ponoma Choice Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Ponoma Choice Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Port of Oakland - California

Port of Oakland is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Port of Oakland website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Propel Fuels - California

Propel Fuels is utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by this organization related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Propel Fuels website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Rancho Cucamonga Municipal Utility - California

Rancho Cucamonga Municipal Utility is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Rancho Cucamonga Municipal Utility website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Rancho Mirage Energy Authority - California

Rancho Mirage Energy Authority is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Rancho Mirage Energy Authority website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Riverside Public Utilities Department - California

Riverside Public Utilities Department is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Riverside Public Utilities Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Roseville Electric - California

Roseville Electric is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Roseville Electric website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Sacramento Municipal Utility District - California

Sacramento Municipal Utility District is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Sacramento Municipal Utility District website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

San Diego Community Power - California

San Diego Community Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the San Diego Community Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

San Diego Gas & Electric - California

San Diego Gas & Electric is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the San Diego Gas & Electric website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

San Francisco Public Utilities Commission - California

San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

San Jacinto Power - California

San Jacinto Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the San Jacinto Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

San Jose Clean Energy - California

San Jose Clean Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the San Jose Clean Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Silicon Valley Power - California

Silicon Valley Power is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Silicon Valley Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Sonoma Clean Power - California

Sonoma Clean Power is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Sonoma Clean Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Southern California Edison - California

Southern California Edison is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Southern California Edison website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Southern California Gas Company - California

Southern California Gas Company is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Southern California Gas Company website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Southern California Public Power Authority - California

Southern California Public Power Authority is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Southern California Public Power Authority website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Turlock Irrigation District - California

Turlock Irrigation District is a cooperative that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Turlock Irrigation District website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Valley Clean Energy - California

Valley Clean Energy is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Valley Clean Energy website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Vernon Gas & Electric Department - California

Vernon Gas & Electric Department is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Vernon Gas & Electric Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Victorville Municipal Utilities Service - California

Victorville Municipal Utilities Service is a municipal utility that operates in California. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Victorville Municipal Utilities Service website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Laws and Regulations

Light-Duty Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Sales Requirement

All sales of new light-duty passenger vehicles in California must be ZEVs by 2035. ZEVs include battery-electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. The California Air Resources Board (CARB) will develop regulations related to in-state sales of new light-duty cars and trucks. CARB developed a ZEV Market Development Strategy to support these regulations and assess statewide ZEV infrastructure. The Strategy will be updated triennially. For more information, see the ZEV Market Deployment Strategy website.

(Reference Executive Order N-79-20)

Utility Transportation Electrification Cost Recovery Regulations

The California Public Utilities Commission must approve or modify utility transportation electrification programs, including those that deploy electric vehicle (EV) chargers, through a reasonable cost recovery mechanism that does not unfairly compete with nonutility enterprises. At least 35% of the investments must be in underserved communities.

Utilities must file a new tariff to design and deploy all electrical distribution infrastructure on the utility side of the customer meter, for all customers installing a separately metered, to be recovered as other distribution infrastructure authorized on an ongoing basis in the utility’s general rate case of EV chargers.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 740.19)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Fueling Infrastructure Grants

The Motor Vehicle Registration Fee Program (Program) provides funding for projects that reduce air pollution from on- and off-road vehicles. Eligible projects include purchasing AFVs and developing alternative fueling infrastructure. For more information, including grant funding and distribution, you may contact you local air districts or see the Program website for more information about available grant funding and distribution information.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44220 (b))

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Requirement

The California Air Resources Board’s (ARB) Advanced Clean Truck Program requires all new MHD vehicles sold in California to be a ZEV by 2045. Zero-emission technologies include all-electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. Beginning in 2024, manufacturers seeking ARB certification for Class 2b through Class 8 chassis or complete vehicles with combustion engines will be required to sell zero-emission trucks as an increasing percentage of their annual California sales. Manufacturers must achieve the following annual sales percentages for medium- and heavy-duty ZEVs sold in California:

*Excludes pickup trucks for 2024-2026 MYs

Additionally, entities with annual gross revenues greater than $50 million, fleet owners with 50 or more medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, and any California government or federal agency with one or more vehicles over 8,500 pounds must report their existing fleet operations to ensure fleets are purchasing and placing zero-emission trucks in the correct service locations.

For more information, including additional requirements and exemptions, see the ARB Advanced Clean Trucks Program website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Sections 1963-1963.5 and 2012-2012.2)

Public Utility Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Reliability Standard

Electric utilities must ensure that all new EV chargers installed in their service territory are able to be used without delays due to utility service failure.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 933 and Senate Bill 410, 2023)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Billing Requirements

EV charger charging rates must be based on a price per megajoule or kilowatt-hour. All EV charger must be able to indicate the billing rate at any point during a transaction. Existing Level 2 EV chargers installed before January 1, 2021, must be updated by January 1, 2031, and Level 2 EV chargers installed after January 1, 2021, must comply upon installation. Existing direct current (DC) fast chargers installed before January 1, 2023, must be updated by January 1, 2033, and DC fast chargers installed after January 1, 2023, must comply upon installation.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 4, Sections 4001 and 4002.11)

Zero Emission Vehicle and Infrastructure Support

The California Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission must provide technical assistance and support for the development of zero-emission fuels, fueling infrastructure, and fuel transportation technologies. Technical assistance and support may include the creation of research, development, and demonstration programs.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25617)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Pilot Programs

The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) may provide funding for pilot utility programs to install EV chargers at school facilities, other educational institutions, and state parks or beaches. Priority must be given to locations in disadvantaged communities, as defined by the California Environmental Protection Agency. For more information, see the CPUC project guidance and the CPUC Zero Emission Vehicles website.

(Reference Public Utilities Code 740.13-740.14)

Zero Emission Transportation System Support

Private, nonprofit entities that provide services to zero emission transportation may enter into a joint power agreement with a public agency to facilitate the development of a zero-emission transportation system. The system must reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce vehicle congestion and vehicle miles traveled, and improve public transit options.

(Reference California Government Code 6538.5)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Inspection and Compliance

County sealers may inspect the functionality of EV chargers operated by public agencies within their jurisdiction. If an EV charger is inoperable, the sealer must mark the EV charger with a tag that says “out of order”. EV chargers must be repaired or corrected within 30 days and are subject to retesting and verification by the county sealer. EV chargers owned by electric utilities are also subject to inspection.

An annual registration fee may be applied for the cost of inspecting and testing an EV charger. Additional requirements and exceptions may apply.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2037, 2024)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Certification and Training Requirements

All EV chargers funded or authorized by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC), the California Energy Commission (CEC), or the state board, must be installed by a licensed contractor. At least one electrician on each installation must hold an Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Training Program (EVITP) certification.

The CEC and CPUC must conduct joint public workshops to determine if the EVITP curriculum and testing should be supplemented to ensure safe EV charger installation. The EVITP must offer courses in an online format that would remain available through December 31, 2024.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code Section 740.20)

Orange County Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Transportation Plan

Orange County is authorized to establish a NEV transportation plan for the Ranch Plan Planned Community. The plan must address provisions relating to parking, charging, NEV only lanes, and shared use lanes.

(Reference California Streets and Highways Code 1965-1965.6)

Off-Road Equipment Emission Regulations

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) must implement strategies to eliminate emissions from off-road equipment in California by 2035. By July 1, 2022, CARB must adopt regulations prohibiting engine exhaust and evaporative emissions from new, small off-road engines. CARB must also identify and make available funding for commercial rebates or similar incentive funding as part of any updates to existing applicable funding .For more information, see the ZEV Market Deployment Strategy website.

(Reference Executive Order N-79-20 and California Health and Safety Code 43018)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Manufacturing Incentive Authorization

Cities and counties may establish a capital investment incentive program for qualified manufacturing facilities that manufacture fuels or components used in AFVs and related infrastructure. Each county or city that elects to establish a capital investment incentive program must notify the Governor’s Office of Business and Economic Development. Additional requirements apply.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2922, 2024)

Public Utility Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Acquisition Requirement

Any state regulation that seeks to require or compel the procurement of medium- and heavy-duty ZEVs must authorize public agency utilities to purchase ZEV replacements for traditional utility-specialized vehicles that are at the end-of-life.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 28500)

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington (signatory states) signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of MHD ZEVs through involvement in a Multi-State ZEV Task Force (Task Force).

In July 2022, the Task Force published a multi-state action plan to support electrification of MHD vehicles. The action plan includes strategies and recommendations to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including limiting all new MHD vehicle sales in the signatory states to ZEVs by 2050, accelerating the deployment of MHD ZEVs, and ensuring MHD ZEV deployment also benefits disadvantaged communities.

For more information, see the MHD ZEVs: Action Plan Development Process website.

Zero-Emission Airport Shuttle Requirement

By 2035, all airport fixed-route shuttle fleets must transition to 100% zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). Zero-emission shuttle technologies include battery-electric or fuel cell electric technologies. Starting in 2022, shuttle fleets must report the details of their vehicles to the California Air Resources Board (CARB). Starting in 2023, if fleets replace a ZEV shuttle, the replacement must be a ZEV. For additional terms and conditions, see CARB’s Zero-Emission Airport Shuttle website.

(Reference Resolution Number 19-8, 2019)

Zero-Emission Transit Bus Requirement

By 2040, all public transit agencies must transition to 100% zero-emission bus fleets. Zero-emission bus technologies include battery-electric or fuel cell electric. Transit agencies must purchase or operate a minimum number of zero-emission buses according to the following schedules:

Each transit agency will submit a plan demonstrating how it will purchase clean buses, develop infrastructure, train personnel, and other required details. Large transit agencies must submit a plan in 2020 and small agencies must submit a plan in 2023. Additional rules and requirements apply.

For more information, including definitions of large and small transit agencies and additional terms and conditions, see the California Air Resources Board’s Innovative Clean Transit website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 2023.1)

Establishment of a Zero Emission Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Program

The California Clean Truck, Bus, and Off-Road Vehicle and Equipment Technology Program (Program) will provide funding for development, demonstration, pre-commercial pilot, and early commercial implementation projects for zero and near-zero emission trucks, buses, and off-road vehicles and equipment. Eligible projects include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Technology development, demonstration, pre-commercial pilots, and early commercial implementation projects for zero and near-zero emission truck technology;
• Zero and near-zero emission bus technology development, demonstration, pre-commercial pilots, and early commercial deployments, including pilots of multiple vehicles at one site or region;
• Purchase incentives for commercially available zero and near-zero emission truck, bus, and off-road vehicle and equipment technologies and fueling infrastructure; and
• Projects that support greater commercial motor vehicle and equipment freight efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions reductions, including autonomous vehicles, grid integration technology, and charge management solutions.

Remanufactured and retrofitted vehicles meeting warranty and emissions requirements may also qualify for funding. At least 20% of allocated funds must go towards early commercial deployment of eligible vehicles and equipment. The California Air Resources Board and the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission will develop and administer the Program.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 39719.2)

Emission Reduction Strategy for Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Vehicles

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) published the 2020 Mobile Source Strategy (Strategy), and must update the Strategy every five years. The Strategy must include a comprehensive strategy to bring the state into compliance with federal ambient air quality standards and reduce motor vehicle greenhouse gas emissions from MHD vehicles. CARB must consult and coordinate with related state agencies and stakeholders. The Strategy must also recommend goals for reducing emissions from MHD vehicles by 2030 and 2050.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 43024.2)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Policies for Residential and Commercial Renters

The lessor of a dwelling or commercial property must approve written requests from a lessee to install EV charger at a parking space allotted for the lessee on qualified properties. Certain exclusions apply to residential dwellings and commercial properties. All modifications and improvements must comply with federal, state, and local laws and all applicable zoning and land use requirements, covenants, conditions, and restrictions. The lessee of the parking space equipped with EV charger is responsible for the cost of the installation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the equipment, electricity consumption, as well as any resulting damage to the EV charger or surrounding area. Unless the EV charger is certified by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory and electrical upgrades are performed by a licensed electrician, the lessee must also maintain a personal liability coverage policy.

(Reference California Civil Code 1947.6, 1952.7, and 6713)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Initiative

The California Air Resources Board’s (CARB) Charge Ahead California Initiative was established to help place into service at least 1 million ZEVs and near-zero emission vehicles in California by January 1, 2023. In consultation with the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission, CARB prepared a funding plan that includes a market and technology assessment, assessments of existing zero and near-zero emission funding programs, and programs that increase access to disadvantaged, low-income, and moderate-income communities and consumers. Potential programs under the initiative include those involving innovative financing, car sharing, charging infrastructure in multi-unit dwellings located in disadvantaged communities, public transit, and agricultural vanpool programs. The funding plan must be updated at least every three years through January 1, 2023.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44258.4)

Volkswagen (VW) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Investment Plan

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved the VW California ZEV Investment Plan. As required by the October 2016 2.0-Liter Partial Consent Decree, VW must invest $800 million over ten years to support the increased adoption of ZEV technology in California. VW will submit a series of four 30-month cycle ZEV investment plans to CARB for approval. CARB approved the Cycle 3 plan, which covered January 2022 through June 2024. The Cycle 3 plan included major investments in metropolitan, highway, heavy-duty, and transit ZEV infrastructure; ZEV education, awareness, access, and marketing; and specific ZEV investments in Wilmington, Long Beach. VW submitted its Cycle 4 plan in January 2024, and focuses on electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure, EV charger utilization, and ZEV adoption.

For more information, see the Electrify America Investment Plan website and CARB’s VW Settlement website.

Emissions Reduction Requirements for Transportation Network Companies (TNCs)

Through the California Clean Miles Standard and Incentive Program (Program), the California Air Resources Board (CARB) will establish annual emissions reduction targets for TNCs, including goals for increasing the number of miles traveled using zero emission vehicles. CARB began implementing targets and goals for the Program in 2023. Every two years, each TNC must develop a greenhouse gas emissions reduction plan, including proposals on how the company will meet the Program’s requirements. A TNC is defined as an organization that provides prearranged transportation services for compensation using an online application or platform to connect passengers with drivers using a personal vehicle. For more information, see CARB’s Clean Miles Standard website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44274.4 and California Public Utilities Code 5431 and 5450)

Establishment of Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Near-ZEV Component Rebates

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) will establish the Zero Emission Assurance Project (ZAP) to offer rebates for the replacement of a battery, fuel cell, or other related vehicle component for eligible used ZEVs and near-ZEVs. A ZEV is defined as a vehicle that produces no criteria pollutant, toxic air contaminant, or greenhouse gas emissions when stationary or operating. A near-ZEV is a vehicle that uses zero emission technologies, uses technologies that provide a pathway to zero emission operations, or incorporates other technologies that significantly reduce vehicle emissions. CARB must offer ZAP rebates through July 31, 2025. For more information, see the CARB ZAP website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44274.9)

Hydrogen Fueling Station Evaluation

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) may not enforce any element of regulations that would require a supplier to construct, operate, or provide funding to construct or operate a publicly available hydrogen fueling station.

Annually, CARB must aggregate and share the number of hydrogen vehicles that manufacturers project will be sold or leased over the next three years and the total number of hydrogen vehicle registered in the state. Based on this information, CARB must evaluate the need for additional publicly available hydrogen fueling stations for the subsequent three years and report findings to the California Energy Commission (CEC) including the of number of stations, geographic areas where stations are needed, and minimum operating standards, such as number of dispensers and filling pressures.

The CEC will allocate no less than 15% of the moneys appropriated by the Legislature from the Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Fund per year to fund the number of stations deemed necessary based on CARB’s evaluation and reports. The CEC may stop funding new stations if it determines, in consultation with CARB, that the private sector is developing publicly available stations without the need for government support.

The CEC and CARB must issue an annual report on progress toward establishing a hydrogen fueling station network that meets the needs of vehicles being used in the state. CARB may also design grants, incentives, loan programs, and other forms of financial assistance to assist in program implementation. For more information see CARB’s Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure website and the CEC and CARB Joint Agency Report on Assembly Bill 8.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 43018.9)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Right-of-Way Requirements

Local agencies must develop a checklist for completing a permit application to install an EV charger in the public right-of-way. Cities with a population of 250,000 or more residents must develop a checklist by January 1, 2027, and cities with a population of fewer than 250,000 residents must develop a checklist by January 1, 2029. Additional requirements apply.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2427, 2024)

Mandatory Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Building Standards

The California Building Standards Commission (CBSC) published mandatory building standards requiring pre-wiring for EV charger installation in parking spaces at one- and two-family housing units with attached private garages, multi-family dwellings, commercial facilities, and public buildings in the California Green Building Standards Code within the California Building Standards Code.

New one- and two-unit single family dwellings or townhouses with attached private garages must have an electrical conduit installed that is capable of supporting a Level 2 EV charger. For new multifamily housing and hotels, 40% of parking spaces must be capable of supporting a low-power Level 2 EV charger and 10% of parking spaces must be equipped with Level 2 EV chargers.

For public parking facilities, minimum EV charger pre-wiring installation requirements are based on the number of parking spaces, per parking facility, as follows:

Total Actual Parking Spaces	Required EV-Capable Parking Spaces	Required Number of Parking Spaces with Level 2 EV Chargers
0 to 9	0	0
10 to 25	4	0
26 to 50	8	2
51 to 75	13	3
76 to 100	17	4
101 to 151	25	6
151 to 200	35	9
201 and over	20% of total parking spaces	25% of EV-capable parking spaces

Public facilities must also install accessible EV chargers when installing new or additional EV chargers. Minimum accessible EV charger installation requirements, per parking facility, are as follows:

Total EV Chargers	Van Accessible EV Chargers	Standard Accessible EV Chargers	Ambulatory Accessible EV Chargers
1 to 4	1	0	0
5 to 25	1	1	0
26 to 50	1	1	1
51 to 75	1	2	2
76 to 100	1	3	3
101 and over	1, plus 1 for each 300, or fraction thereof, over 100	3, plus 1 for each 60, or fraction thereof, over 100	3, plus 1 for each 50, or fraction thereof, over 100

In cases in which EV chargers can simultaneously charge more than one vehicle, the number of EV chargers provided shall be considered equivalent to the number of EVs that can be simultaneously charged.

Beginning January 1, 2023, CBSC must convene a workshop to evaluate demand for EV charging infrastructure, electric load forecasts, and statewide transportation electrification goals and use the workshop’s findings to recommend updates to EV charging station building standards. The workshop must convene and propose recommendations on a triennial basis. CBSC must also publish guidance and best practices for installing EV charging stations.

Additional requirements may apply. For more information, including exemptions and additional regulations and requirements, see the CBSC website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 18941.10, 18941.11, and 18941.17, California Green Building Standards Title 24, Part 11, Chapters 4 and 5, and California Building Code Chapters 2 and 11B)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Open Access Requirements

EV charger service providers may not charge a subscription fee or require membership for use of their public chargers. In addition, providers must disclose the actual charges for using public EV chargers at the point of sale; allow contactless payment and pay-by-phone payment methods; install the Open Charge Point interoperability billing standard on each EV charger; and disclose the EV charger geographic location, schedule of fees, accepted methods of payment, and network roaming charges to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Direct current (DC) fast chargers must also include Plug and Charge payment capabilities.

The State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission is required to apply any network roaming standards it adopts to EV charging network providers that manage at least 100 publicly available EV chargers in California. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the California Air Resources Board EV Charger Standards website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44268 and 44268.2 and Assembly Bill 2697, 2024)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Access

Municipalities may not restrict the types of EVs, such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, that may access an EV charger that is public, intended for passenger vehicle use, and funded in any part by the state or utility ratepayers.

(Reference California Government Code 65850.9)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Location Assessment

The State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission (Commission), in partnership with the California Air Resources Board (CARB), must assess whether EV chargers in California are located disproportionately by population density, geographical area, or population income level. If the Commission and CARB determine that EV chargers have been disproportionately installed, the Commission must use funding from the California Energy Commission’s Clean Transportation Program, as well as other funding sources, to proportionately install new EV chargers, unless it is determined that the current locations of EV chargers are reasonable and further California’s energy or environmental policy goals.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25231)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Parking Incentive Programs

The California Department of General Services (DGS) and California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) must develop and implement AFV parking incentive programs in public parking facilities operated by DGS with 50 or more parking spaces and park-and-ride lots owned and operated by Caltrans. The incentives must provide meaningful and tangible benefits to drivers, such as preferential spaces, reduced fees, and fueling infrastructure.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25722.9)

Voluntary Vehicle Retirement and Replacement Grants

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) administers the Clean Cars 4 All Program (Program) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality, and benefit low-income residents through the retirement and replacement of high-emission motor vehicles. The Program will be focused on funding projects for the voluntary early retirement and replacement from operation of passenger vehicles and light- and medium-duty trucks primarily in disadvantaged communities, when possible, as defined by the California Environmental Protection Agency. Compensation for low-income eligible applicants may not be less than $1,500 for retired vehicles and $2,500 for replacement vehicles. Compensation for other eligible applicants may not exceed $1,000 for retired vehicles or the compensation received by low-income recipients for replacement vehicles. Each replacement vehicle must either be a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) or zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) unless there is inadequate charging or refueling capabilities near the driver’s home or there is not an adequate supply of PHEVs or ZEVs in the region. Eligible applicants that have received funding for voluntary vehicle retirement under the California Bureau of Automotive Repair’s Consumer Assistance Program are eligible for vehicle replacement funding under the Program. For more information, see the CARB Clean Cars 4 All website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44124.5-44125)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Grid Integration Requirements

In June 2020, the California Public Utilities Commission (PUC) published a plan establishing strategies to maximize EV grid integration. The PUC must also consider how to limit cost increases for all ratepayers. EV grid integration refers to any action that optimizes when or how an EV is charged. Additional terms and conditions apply.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 740.16)

Public Utility Definition

A corporation or individual that owns, controls, operates, or manages a facility that supplies electricity to the public exclusively to charge light-, medium-, and heavy-duty all-electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, compressed natural gas to fuel natural gas vehicles, or hydrogen as a motor vehicle fuel is not defined as a public utility.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 216 and California Public Utilities Decision 20-09-025, 2020)

Alternative Fuel and Infrastructure Assessment

Every three years, the California Council on Science and Technology must assess clean energy projects, including the deployment of, or upgrades to, alternative fueling infrastructure and low carbon fuels.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 38592.1)

Bidirectional-Capable Electric Vehicles (EV) Requirement

The State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission may require any EV to have bidirectional charging capabilities if there is a sufficiently compelling beneficial use case to the EV operator and electrical grid.

(Reference Senate Bill 59, 2024)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Electricity Exemption

Electricity used to charge EVs at a state-owned parking facility is exempt from California law prohibiting gifting public money or items of value.

(Reference California Government Code 14678)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Parking Space Regulation

An individual may not park a motor vehicle within any on- or off-street parking space specifically designated by a local authority for parking and charging EVs unless the vehicle is an EV fueled by electricity. Eligible EVs must be in the process of charging to park in the space. A person found responsible for a violation is subject to traffic violation penalties.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 22511)

Hydrogen and Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Local Permitting Policies

All cities and counties, including charter cities, must adopt an ordinance that creates an expedited and streamlined permitting process for EV chargers and hydrogen fueling stations. Cities and counties must approve applications to install EV chargers within five to ten business days, depending on the number of chargers proposed in the application. Applications will be approved after 20 to 40 business days, if the county or city does not approve the application, the building official does not deny the application, or the city or county does not submit an appeal. Each city or county must consult with the local fire department or district and the utility director to develop the ordinance, which must include a checklist of all requirements for EV chargers to be eligible for expedited review. A complete application that is consistent with the city or county ordinance must be approved, and entities submitting incomplete applications must be notified of the necessary required information to be granted expedited permit issuance. These provisions must be met by September 30, 2025, by cities and counties with populations above 250,000 residents. Cities and counties with populations less than 250,000 residents must meet these provisions by September 30, 2028.

(Reference California Government Code 65850.7 and 65850.71 and Assembly Bill 1418, 2024)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Policies for Multifamily Housing

A common interest development, including a community apartment, condominium, and cooperative development, may not prohibit or restrict the installation or use of EV chargers or EV-dedicated time-of-use (TOU) meter in a homeowner’s designated parking space or unit. These entities may put reasonable restrictions on EV chargers, but the policies may not significantly increase the cost of the EV chargers or significantly decrease their efficiency or performance. Restrictions may be placed on TOU meter installations if the restrictions are based on the structure of or available space in the building. If installation in the homeowner’s designated parking space or unit is not possible, with authorization, the homeowner may add EV chargers or an EV-dedicated TOU meter in a common area. The homeowner must obtain appropriate approvals from the common interest development association and agree in writing to comply with applicable architectural standards, engage a licensed installation contractor, provide a certificate of insurance, and pay for the electricity usage, maintenance, and other costs associated with the EV chargers or TOU meter. Any application for approval should be processed by the common interest development association without willful avoidance or delay. The homeowner and each successive homeowner of the parking space or unit equipped with EV chargers or a TOU meter is responsible for the cost of the installation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the equipment, as well as any resulting damage to the EV chargers, TOU meter, or surrounding area. The homeowner must also maintain a $1 million umbrella liability coverage policy and name the common interest development as an additional insured entity under the policy. If EV chargers or an EV-dedicated TOU meter is installed in a common area for use by all members of the association, the common interest development must develop terms for use of the EV chargers or TOU meter.

(Reference California Civil Code 4745, 4745.1, and 6713)

Access to Electric Vehicle (EV) Registration Records

The California Department of Motor Vehicles may disclose to an electrical corporation or local publicly owned utility an EV owner’s address and vehicle type if the information is used exclusively to identify where the EV is registered.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 1808.23)

Zero Emission Transit Incentive Program Authorization

The California State Transportation Agency (CalSTA) is authorized to establish the Zero-Emission Transit Capital Program to provide funding for zero-emission transit equipment, including zero emission vehicles and fueling infrastructure. By October 31, 2025, and annually thereafter, funding recipients must submit a report to CalSTA on how funds were utilized. For more information, see the CalSTA SB 125 Transit Program website.

(Reference California Government Code 13979.3 and 13987 and California Public Resources Code 75260)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure Information Resource

The California Energy Commission, in consultation with the Public Utilities Commission, must develop and maintain a website containing specific links to electrical corporations, local publicly owned electric utilities, and other websites that contain information specific to EVs, including the following:

• Resources to help consumers determine if their residences will require utility service upgrades to accommodate EVs;
• Basic charging circuit requirements;
• Utility rate options; and
• Load management techniques.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25227)

Biomethane Promotion

The California Public Utility Commission must adopt policies and programs to promote in-state production and distribution of biomethane to meet energy and transportation needs.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 399.24)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Promotion Plan

All California state agencies must support and facilitate the rapid commercialization of ZEVs in California. In particular, the Air Resources Board, the California Energy Commission (CEC), the Public Utilities Commission, and other relevant state agencies must work with the private sector to establish benchmarks to achieve targets for ZEV commercialization and deployment. These targets include:

• By 2020, the state will have established adequate infrastructure to support one million ZEVs;
• By 2025, there will be over 1.5 million ZEVs on the road in California and clean, efficient vehicles will displace 1.5 billion gallons of petroleum fuels annually;
• By 2025, there will be 200 hydrogen fueling stations and 250,000 electric vehicle (EV) chargers, including 10,000 direct current (DC) fast chargers, in California;
• By 2030, there will be at least 5 million ZEVs on the road in California; and
• By 2050, greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector will be 80% less than 1990 levels.

State agencies must also work with their stakeholders to accomplish the following:

• Develop new criteria for clean vehicle incentive programs to encourage manufacturers to produce clean, affordable cars;
• Update the 2016 ZEV Action plan, with a focus on low income and disadvantaged communities;
• Recommend actions to increase the deployment of ZEV infrastructure through the Low Carbon Fuel Standard;
• Support and recommend policies that will facilitate the installation of EV chargers in homes and businesses; and
• Ensure EV charging and hydrogen fueling are affordable and accessible to all drivers.

The ZEV promotion plan additionally directs the state fleet to increase the number of ZEVs in the fleet through gradual vehicle replacement. By 2020, ZEVs should make up at least 25% of the fleet’s light-duty vehicles. Vehicles with special performance requirements necessary for public safety and welfare are exempt from this requirement. For more information about the plan, see CEC’s ZEVs and Infrastructure Update.

(Reference Executive Order B-16, 2012, Executive Order B-48, 2018, and Executive Orders N-19-19, 2019)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

California joined Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Requirements

New EVs must be equipped with a conductive charger inlet port that meets the specifications contained in Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) standard J1772. EVs must be equipped with an on-board charger with a minimum output of 3.3 kilowatts (kW). These requirements do not apply to EVs that are only capable of Level 1 charging, which has a maximum power of 12 amperes (amps), a branch circuit rating of 15 amps, and continuous power of 1.44 kW.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 1962.3)

Low Carbon Fuel Standard

California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Program requires a reduction in the carbon intensity of transportation fuels that are sold, supplied, or offered for sale in the state through 2030. The California Air Resources Board regulations require transportation fuel producers and importers to meet specified average carbon intensity requirements for fuel. LCFS regulated fuels include natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, gasoline mixed with at least 10% corn-derived ethanol, biomass-based diesel, and propane. Non-biomass-based alternative fuels that are supplied in California for use in transportation at an aggregated volume of less than 3.6 million gasoline gallon equivalents per year are exempt from LCFS requirements. Other exemptions apply for transportation fuel used in specific applications. The LCFS Program allows producers and importers to generate, acquire, transfer, bank, borrow, and trade credits. Fuel producers and importers regulated under the LCFS must meet quarterly and annual reporting requirements. For more information, see the LCFS Program website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 17, Section 95480-95490; and California Health and Safety Code 38500-38599)

State Agency Low Carbon Fuel Use Requirement

At least 3% of the aggregate amount of bulk transportation fuel purchased by the state government must be from very low carbon transportation fuel sources. The required amount of very low carbon transportation fuel purchased will increase by 1% annually until January 1, 2024. Some exemptions may apply, as determined by the California Department of General Services (DGS). Very low carbon fuel is defined as a transportation fuel having no greater than 40% of the carbon intensity of the closest comparable petroleum fuel for that year, as measured by the methodology in California Code of Regulations Title 17, Sections 95480-95486. DGS will submit an annual progress report to the California Legislature.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 17, Section 95480-95486)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Support

The Public Utilities Commission must consider the following to support EVs in California:

• Strategies to facilitate the development of technologies that promote grid integration, including technologies with submetering capabilities for residential EV chargers, if implementing these technologies is in the interest of ratepayers;
• Policies that support the development of technologies and rate strategies that reduce the impact of demand charges of EV drivers and fleets and to accelerate the adoption of EVs; and
• A tariff specific to heavy-duty EV fleets that encourages EV charging when there is excess grid capacity.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 740.15)

Zero-Emission and Autonomous Vehicle Infrastructure Support

Cities and counties that receive funding from the Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation Program are encouraged to use funds towards advanced transportation technologies and communication systems, including, but not limited to, zero-emission vehicle fueling infrastructure and infrastructure-to-vehicle communications for autonomous vehicles.

(Reference California Streets and Highways Code 2030)

Idle Reduction Effort Support

The California Legislature urges motorists to not idle their vehicles in spaces where children congregate, such as schools and parks.

(Reference Assembly Concurrent Resolution 160, 2016)

State Transportation Plan

The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) must publish a California Transportation Plan (Plan) every five years, beginning December 31, 2015. The Plan must address how the state will achieve maximum feasible emissions reductions, taking into consideration the use of alternative fuels, new vehicle technology, and tailpipe emissions reductions. Caltrans must consult and coordinate with related state agencies, air quality management districts, public transit operators, and regional transportation planning agencies. Caltrans must also provide an opportunity for public input. Caltrans must submit a final draft of the Plan to the legislature and governor. A copy of the 2020 report is available on the Caltrans website. Caltrans must also review the Plan and prepare a report for the legislature and governor that includes actionable, programmatic transportation system improvement recommendations every five years.

(Reference California Government Code 65070-65073.1)

Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) Standards

California’s LEV II exhaust emissions standards apply to Model Year (MY) 2004 and subsequent model year passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles meeting specified exhaust standards. The LEV II standards represent the maximum exhaust emissions for LEVs, Ultra LEVs, and Super Ultra LEVs, including flexible fuel, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel vehicles when operating on an alternative fuel. MY 2009 and subsequent model year passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles must meet specified fleet average greenhouse gas (GHG) exhaust emissions requirements. Each manufacturer must comply with these fleet average GHG requirements, which are based on California Air Resources Board (CARB) calculations. Bi-fuel, flexible fuel, dual-fuel, and grid-connected hybrid electric vehicles may be eligible for an alternative compliance method when operating on gasoline.

In December 2012, CARB finalized regulatory requirements, referred to as LEV III, which allow vehicle manufacturer compliance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s GHG requirements for MY 2017-2025 to serve as compliance with California’s adopted GHG emissions requirements for those same model years.

In November 2022, CARB approved LEV IV standards, which updates regulations for light- and medium-duty internal combustion engine vehicles by reducing allowable exhaust emissions and emissions caused by evaporation. LEV IV also changes the calculation procedure for new vehicle fleet-average emissions and prohibits zero emissions vehicles from being considered in fleet-average emissions calculations by MY 2029.

For more information, see the CARB LEV website for more information.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 1961-1961.4)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Production Requirements

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) certifies new passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles as ZEVs if the vehicles produce zero exhaust emissions of any criteria pollutant (or precursor pollutant) under all possible operational modes and conditions. Manufacturers with annual sales between 4,501 and 60,000 vehicles may comply with the ZEV requirements through multiple alternative compliance options that include producing low emission vehicles and obtaining ZEV credits. Manufacturers with annual sales of 4,500 vehicles or less are not subject to this regulation.

CARB’s emissions control program for model year (MY) 2017 through 2025 combines the control of smog, soot, and greenhouse gases (GHGs) and requirements for ZEVs into a single package of standards called Advanced Clean Cars (ACC). In December 2012, CARB finalized new regulatory requirements that allow vehicle manufacturer compliance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) GHG requirements for MY 2017 through 2025 to serve as compliance with California’s adopted GHG emissions requirements for those same model years.

The accounting procedures for MY 2018 through 2025 are based on a credit system as shown in the table below. The minimum ZEV requirement for each manufacturer includes the percentage of passenger cars and light-duty trucks produced by the manufacturer and delivered for sale in California. The regulation also includes opportunities for compliance with transitional ZEVs, which must demonstrate certain exhaust emissions standards, evaporative emissions standards, on-board diagnostic requirements, and extended warranties.

MY	ZEV Requirement
2021	12%
2022	14.5%
2023	17%
2024	19.5%
2025 and later	22%

In November 2022, CARB finalized another rule in addition to the ACC emissions control program for MY 2026 through 2035 called Advanced Clean Cars II (ACCII), requiring an increasing percentage of ZEVs in new vehicle sales beyond MY 2025. ZEV sales requirements under ACCII are shown in the table below.

MY	ZEV Requirement
2026	35%
2027	43%
2028	51%
2029	59%
2030	68%
20231	76%
2032	82%
2033	88%
2034	94%
2035 and later	100%

For more information, see the CARB ZEV Program website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 1962 -1962.2 and 1962.4)

Autonomous Vehicle (AV) Testing and Operation Requirements

AVs may be operated on public roads for testing purposes, if there is a licensed vehicle operator seated in the driver’s seat monitoring the safe operation of the AV and capable of taking immediate manual control of the vehicle in the event that the automated driving system fails. AVs may not be operated on public roads for purposes other than testing unless the vehicle manufacturer submits an application to the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), the application is approved, and the AV meets, at minimum, the following requirements:

• It is equipped with an easily accessible way for the driver to engage or disengage the autonomous driving system;
• It contains an indicator inside of the vehicle that notifies the driver when the autonomous driving system is engaged;
• It has a means to alert the driver when the autonomous driving system has failed and either allows the driver to take manual control of the vehicle, or is capable of bringing itself to a complete stop;
• It meets all applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; and
• It has a separate mechanism to capture and save the vehicle’s sensor data at least 30 seconds before a collision involving the vehicle occurs.

Additionally, all AVs must be zero-emission vehicles by 2030. An AV is defined as any vehicle that is equipped with a technology that has the capability to operate the vehicle without the direct control of the driver. For more information, including how to apply for a testing permit, see the DMV’s Driverless Testing of AVs website.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 38750)

Contra Costa Transportation Authority (CCTA) Autonomous Vehicle (AV) Pilot Authorization

CCTA is authorized to conduct a pilot to test AVs, without a driver in the driver’s seat, that are not equipped with a steering wheel, brake pedal, or accelerator. The AVs must operate at speeds of less than 35 miles per hour at all times. . For more information about the pilot, see the CCTA Shared AV Pilot Program website.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 38755)

Alternative Fuel and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Retrofit Regulations

Converting a vehicle to operate on an alternative fuel in lieu of the original gasoline or diesel fuel is prohibited unless the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has evaluated and certified the retrofit system. CARB will issue certification to the manufacturer of the system in the form of an Executive Order once the manufacturer demonstrates compliance with the emissions, warranty, and durability requirements. A manufacturer is defined as a person or company who manufactures or assembles an alternative fuel retrofit system for sale in California; this definition does not include individuals wishing to convert vehicles for personal use. Individuals interested in converting their vehicles to operate on an alternative fuel must ensure that the alternative fuel retrofit systems used for their vehicles have been CARB certified. For more information, see the CARB Alternative Fuel Retrofit Systems website.

A hybrid electric vehicle that is Model Year 2000 or newer and is a passenger car, light-duty truck, or medium-duty vehicle may be converted to incorporate off-vehicle charging capability if the manufacturer demonstrates compliance with emissions, warranty, and durability requirements. CARB issues certification to the manufacturer and the vehicle must meet California emissions standards for the model year of the original vehicle.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 2030-2032 and California Vehicle Code 27156)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Retrofit Emissions Inspection Process

The California Department of Health and Safety may adopt a process by which state designated referees inspect vehicles that present prohibitive inspection circumstances, such as vehicles equipped with alternative fuel retrofit systems.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44014)

Alternative Fuel Tax

The excise tax imposed on compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), and propane used to operate a vehicle can be paid through an annual flat rate sticker tax based on the following vehicle weights:

Unladen Weight	Fee
All passenger cars and other vehicles 4,000 pounds (lbs.) or less	$36
More than 4,000 lbs. but less than 8,001 lbs.	$72
More than 8,000 lbs. but less than 12,001 lbs.	$120
12,001 lbs. or more	$168

Alternatively, owners and operators may pay an excise tax on CNG of $0.0887 per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) measured at standard pressure and temperature, $0.1017 for each diesel gallon equivalent (DGE) of LNG, and $0.06 per gallon of propane. One GGE is equal to 126.67 cubic feet or 5.66 lbs. of CNG and one DGE is equal to 6.06 lbs. of LNG. The excise tax on ethanol and methanol fuel blends containing up to 15% gasoline or diesel fuel is one-half the tax on gasoline and diesel prescribed by California Revenue and Taxation Code section 8651.

(Reference California Revenue and Taxation Code 8651-8651.8 and California Business and Professions Code 13404 and 13470)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Fee

ZEV owners must pay an annual road improvement fee of $100 upon vehicle registration or registration renewal for ZEVs model year 2020 and later. The California Department of Motor Vehicles will increase the fee annually to account for inflation, equal to the increase in the California Consumer Price Index for the prior year. For more information, see the DMV Registration Fees website.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 9250.6)

Fleet Vehicle Procurement Requirements

When awarding a vehicle procurement contract, every city, county, and special district, including school and community college districts, may require that 75% of the passenger cars and/or light-duty trucks acquired be energy-efficient vehicles. This includes hybrid electric vehicles and alternative fuel vehicles that meet California’s advanced technology partial zero emission vehicle standards. Vehicle procurement contract evaluations may consider fuel economy and life cycle factors for scoring purposes.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25725-25726)

Vehicle Acquisition and Petroleum Reduction Requirements

The California Department of General Services (DGS) is responsible for maintaining specifications and standards for passenger cars and light-duty trucks that are purchased or leased for state office, agency, and department use. These specifications include minimum vehicle emissions standards and encourage the purchase or lease of fuel-efficient and alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). Specifically, DGS must reduce or displace the fleet’s consumption of petroleum products by 20% by January 1, 2020, as compared to the 2003 consumption level. DGS must also ensure that at least 50% of the light-duty vehicles purchased by the state are zero emission vehicles (ZEVs). Further, at least 15% of DGS’ fleet of new vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 19,000 pounds or more must be ZEVs by 2025, and at least 30% by 2030.

On an annual basis, DGS must compile information including, but not limited to, the number of AFVs and hybrid electric vehicles acquired, the locations of the alternative fuel pumps available for those vehicles, and the total amount of alternative fuels used. Vehicles the state owns or leases that are capable of operating on alternative fuel must operate on that fuel unless the alternative fuel is not available. DGS is also required to:

• Take steps to transfer vehicles between agencies and departments to ensure that the most fuel-efficient vehicles are used and to eliminate the least fuel-efficient vehicles from the state’s motor vehicle fleet;
• Submit annual progress reports to the California Department of Finance, related legislative committees, and the general public via the DGS website;
• Encourage other agencies to operate AFVs on the alternative fuel for which they are designed, to the extent feasible;
• Encourage the development of commercial fueling infrastructure at or near state vehicle fueling or parking sites;
• Work with other agencies to incentivize and promote state employee use of AFVs through preferential or reduced-cost parking, access to electric vehicle charging, or other means, to the extent feasible; and
• Establish a more stringent fuel economy standard than the 2007 standard.

Beginning January 1, 2024, DGS must develop criteria to evaluate commercial car rental service contracts based on the number of ZEVs or PHEVs available in the service’s fleet.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25722.5-25722.11, and 25724)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Assessment

The California State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission (Commission), in partnership with the California Air Resources Board and the California Public Utility Commission, must publish a statewide assessment of the EV charger infrastructure needed to support the levels of plug-in electric vehicle adoption required for at least five million zero emission vehicles to operate on California roads by 2030. The Commission must consider the EV charger infrastructure needs for all vehicle categories, including on-road, off-road, port, and airport vehicles. In addition, the assessment must analyze the existing and future infrastructure needs across California, including in low-income communities. The assessment must be updated at least once every two years.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25229)

Alternative Fuel and Vehicle Policy Development

The California Energy Commission (CEC) must prepare and submit an Integrated Energy Policy Report (IEPR) to the governor on a biannual basis. The IEPR provides an overview of major energy trends and issues facing the state, including those related to transportation fuels, technologies, and infrastructure. The IEPR also examines potential effects of alternative fuels use, vehicle efficiency improvements, and shifts in transportation modes on public health and safety, the economy, resources, the environment, and energy security. The IEPR’s primary purpose is to develop energy policies that conserve resources, protect the environment, ensure energy reliability, enhance the state’s economy, and protect public health and safety.

As of November 1, 2015, and every four years thereafter, the CEC must also include in the IEPR strategies to maximize the benefits of natural gas in various sectors. This includes the use of natural gas as a transportation fuel. For more information, see the 2023 Integrated Energy Policy Report.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25302 and 25303.5)

Hydrogen Fuel Specifications

The California Department of Food and Agriculture, Division of Measurement Standards (DMS) requires that hydrogen fuel used in internal combustion engines and fuel cells must meet the SAE International J2719 standard for hydrogen fuel quality. For more information, see the DMS Hydrogen Fuel website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 4, Section 4180-4181)

Heavy-Duty Truck Idle Reduction Requirement

A driver of a diesel-fueled vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 10,000 pounds may not idle the vehicle’s primary engine for more than five consecutive minutes at any location, and is not allowed to operate a diesel-fueled auxiliary power system (APS) on the vehicle for more than five minutes when located within 100 feet of a restricted area. Exceptions apply in certain situations and for certain vehicles. Any internal combustion APS used in California must comply with applicable state off-road and/or federal non-road emissions standards and test procedures for its fuel type and power category to ensure that emissions do not exceed the emissions of a truck engine operating at idle. Model Year 2008 and newer heavy-duty diesel engines must be equipped with non-programmable engine shutdown systems that automatically shut down the engine after five minutes of idling or optionally meet a stringent nitrogen oxide idling emissions standard. A heavy-duty diesel engine certified for optional idling emissions standards must have a “certified clean idle” label, issued by the engine manufacturer, affixed permanently on the driver’s side hood of the truck. Similarly, off-road diesel engine APSs fitted with a proper, verified level 3 diesel particulate filter must have a “verified clean APS” label, issued by the APS manufacturer, affixed permanently on the driver’s side hood of the truck.

Operators of trucks equipped with sleeper berths are required to shut down the engine manually when idling more than five minutes at any location within California and are subject to fines for violation. The California Department of Motor Vehicles will not register, renew, or transfer registration for any vehicle operator who has received a violation until the violation is cleared.

For more information, see the California Air Resources Board Heavy-Duty Vehicle Idling Emission Reduction Program website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 2485)

Idle Reduction Requirement at Schools

A school bus driver must turn off the engine upon stopping at a school, or within 100 feet of a school, and may not turn the engine on more than 30 seconds before departing from the location. When the bus is at least 100 feet away from a school, the driver may not idle the engine for more than five consecutive minutes, or for periods totaling more than five minutes during any one hour period. Transit and commercial vehicle operators may not idle for more than five consecutive minutes at each stop within 100 feet of a school, or for periods totaling more than five minutes during any one hour period. Exemptions apply for necessary idling while stopped in traffic, at traffic signals, and at the direction of law enforcement personnel. For more information, see the California Air Resources Board School Bus Idling Airborne Toxic Control Measure website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 2480)

Heavy-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Regulations

Box-type trailers that are at less than or equal to 50 feet long and the heavy-duty tractors that pull these trailers must be equipped with fuel-efficient tires and aerodynamic trailer devices that improve fuel economy and lower GHG gas emissions. Tractors and trailers subject to the regulation must either use U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SmartWay certified tractors and trailers or retrofit existing equipment with SmartWay verified technologies. Vehicle owners must comply with these regulations when operating on California highways regardless of where the vehicles are registered. Exemptions apply for some local- and short-haul tractors and trailers. The compliance schedule depends on the type and age of the tractor or trailer. For more information, see the California Air Resources Board Heavy-Duty GHG Regulations website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 17, Section 95300-95311)

Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program Regulations

The California Air Resources Board (CARB), California Bureau of Automotive Repair, and relevant state agencies must develop and implement a pilot Heavy-Duty Inspection and Maintenance Program for heavy-duty diesel trucks. CARB must establish test procedures for vehicle emissions control technologies. Additional terms and conditions apply. Zero-emission vehicles are exempt from program requirements.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44150 to 44152)

Mobile Source Emissions Reduction Requirements

Through its Mobile Sources Program, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has developed programs and policies to reduce emissions from on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles through the installation of verified diesel emission control strategies (VDECS) and vehicle replacements.

The on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicle rule (i.e., truck and bus regulation) requires the retrofit and replacement of nearly all privately owned vehicles operated in California with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) greater than 14,000 pounds (lbs.). School buses owned by private and public entities and federal government owned vehicles are also included in the scope of the rule. By January 1, 2023, nearly all vehicles must have engines certified to the 2010 engine standard or equivalent. The drayage truck rule regulates heavy-duty diesel-fueled vehicles that transport cargo to and from California’s ports and intermodal rail facilities. The rule requires that certain drayage trucks be equipped with VDECS and that all applicable vehicles have engines certified to the 2007 emissions standards. By January 1, 2023, all applicable vehicles must have engines certified to 2010 standards. The solid waste collection vehicle rule regulates solid waste collection vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 lbs. or more that operate on diesel fuel, have 1960 through 2006 engine models, and collect waste for a fee. The fleet rule for public agencies and utilities requires fleets to install VDECS on vehicles or purchase vehicles that run on alternative fuels or use advanced technologies to achieve emissions requirements by specified implementation dates.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, 2021-2027)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Signage Authorization on Highways

EV charging station facilities located at roadside businesses are eligible to be included on state highway exit information signs. Signage must be consistent with California’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices.

(Reference California Streets and Highway Code 101.7)

Low-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways

A low-speed EV, also known as a neighborhood electric vehicle, is defined as a motor vehicle with four wheels, a gross vehicle weight rating of 3,000 pounds or less, and capable of achieving a minimum speed of 20 miles per hour (mph) and a maximum speed of 25 mph. Low-speed EVs are subject to all provisions applicable to a motor vehicle and must meet federal safety standards established in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 571.500. Drivers of low-speed EVs must comply with all provisions applicable to drivers of motor vehicles. The operator of a low-speed EV may not operate the vehicle on any roadway with a posted speed limit greater than 35 mph except to cross a roadway at an intersection.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 385.5 and 21250-21266)

Fleet Emissions Reduction Requirements - South Coast

The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) requires government fleets and private contractors under contract with public entities to purchase non-diesel lower emission and alternative fuel vehicles. The rule applies to transit bus, school bus, refuse hauler, and other vehicle fleets of at least 15 vehicles that operate in Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange counties.

(Reference SCAQMD Rules 1186.1 and 1191-1196)

Zero Emission Freight Assessment

The California Transportation Commission (CTC), along with other state agencies, must develop a Clean Freight Corridor Efficiency Assessment. As part of the assessment, the CTC must establish an advisory committee, made up of industry representatives and public and private freight stakeholders. The assessment must:

• Identify and designate priority freight corridors for the deployment of zero emission medium- and heavy-duty (MHD) vehicles and associated infrastructure;
• Identify projects to further state goals for zero emission freight and potential sponsors of projects;
• Identify barriers and potential solutions to deploying zero emission MHD vehicles; and,
• Assess impacts on existing infrastructure, potential funding opportunities, and benefits from deploying zero emission MHD vehicles.

In December 2023, the CTC submitted a report containing the assessment’s findings and recommendations to the Legislature. Findings from the assessment must be incorporated into the California Transportation Plan.

(Reference California Government Code 14517 and 65072.5)

Los Angeles County Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Plan Authorization

Los Angeles County, or any city in Los Angeles County, may adopt a NEV transportation plan. NEV plans may include route selection, transportation interfacing, NEV-related facilities, parking facilities, and other considerations. Plans must be reviewed by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). If an eligible entity adopts a NEV plan, the entity must work with SCAG to submit a report to the Legislature by August 31, 2028. The report must include a description of the NEV plan, an evaluation of the effectiveness of the NEV plan, including the impact on traffic flows and safety, and a recommendation if the program should be adopted statewide.

(Reference California Street and Highway Code 1966.10 through 1966.17)

Zero Electric Vehicle (ZEV) Office Authorization and Equity Assessment

The California legislature established the ZEV Market Development Office (Office) is established within the Governor’s Office of Business and Economic Development to serve as a point of contact for stakeholders to provide feedback on California’s ZEV goals and to direct the equitable deployment of light-, medium-, and heavy-duty ZEVs, supporting infrastructure, and ZEV workforce development. The Office must also create an equity action plan as part of the ZEV Market Development Strategy. The action plan must include recommendations to:

• Improve access to ZEVs, supporting infrastructure, and ZEV transportation options in low-income, disadvantaged, and underserved communities; and,
• Reduce pollution from transportation in low-income, disadvantaged, and underserved communities; and,
• Support the ZEV industry and workforce in California.

The Office must track state progress toward achieving recommendations included in the equity action plan.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2427, 2024 and California Government Code 12100.150))

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Fleet Vehicle Data Collection and Planning

The California Energy Commission (CEC) in collaboration with the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) must collect state agency fleet data for MHD on- and off-road vehicles. Fleet data must include vehicle fuel types, fleet address, and current and future vehicle charging needs. The CEC must share this data with the PUC and electric utilities to inform electrical grid planning efforts.

(Reference California Public Resource Code 25328)

Zero Emission Transit Bus Incentive Assessment

The California Legislative Analyst’s Office submitted a report to the legislature on the effectiveness of the Zero Emission Transit Bus Tax Exemption on April 15, 2024. The report provides an analysis of the tax exemption impacts, additional funding sources, zero emission bus adoption trends, and recommendations to the Legislature.

(Reference California Revenue and taxation Code 6377)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Uptime Reporting Standards

The California Energy Commission (CEC) in collaboration with the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) developed uptime recordkeeping and reporting standards for EV chargers purchased through a state incentive program or rate payer charges. For these standards, EV chargers must meet a 97% uptime requirement and share real-time data on the availability and accessibility of chargers. Standards vary by technology type, power level, number of chargers per site, and site ownership model. EV charger uptime data must be reported for a minimum of six years. These standards only apply to EV chargers installed on or after January 1, 2024, and do not apply to residential dwellings with less than five units.

CEC and CPUC must adopt tools to increase charger uptime, including uptime requirements, operation and maintenance requirements, or operation and maintenance incentives. By January 1, 2025, CEC must set standards for how charger operators notify customers about availability and accessibility of public EV charging infrastructure.

Beginning January 1, 2025, the CEC must assess the uptime of EV chargers. The assessment must include considerations for equitable access to EV chargers in low-, moderate-, and high-income communities. The assessment must be updated every two years. For more information, see the CEC website.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25231.5 )

Hydrogen Development Support

The California Air Resources Board (CARB), in collaboration with other state agencies, must complete an evaluation on the deployment, development, and use of hydrogen in the state. The evaluation must include:

• Policy recommendations regarding the use of hydrogen to help achieve state climate, energy, and clean air goals and overcome market barriers;
• Strategies that support hydrogen infrastructure for production, processing, delivery, storage and end-use applications;
• An assessment of different forms of hydrogen that can be used to achieve emissions reductions;
• An estimate of greenhouse gas emissions reductions and improvements in air quality through the deployment of hydrogen, including a cost-benefit analysis;
• Policy recommendations for permitting processes related to the transmission and distribution of hydrogen; and,
• An analysis of air pollution and other environmental impacts from hydrogen.

CARB must publish the evaluation by June 1, 2024. CARB must also model how hydrogen supports the decarbonization of the electric and transportation sectors and include the findings in the 2023 and 2025 Integrated Energy Policy Report.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 38561.8, California Public Resources Code 25307, and Public Utilities Code 400.3)

Zero Emission School Bus Acquisition Requirements

Beginning January 1, 2035, school districts may only purchase or lease zero emission school buses. Exemptions may apply if zero emission school bus use is not feasible due to terrain or route constraints.

(Reference Health and Safety Code 44272.6 )

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Infrastructure Fee Structure Assessment

By January 1, 2026, California Energy Commission, California Air Resources Board, and California Department of Motor Vehicles must assess the economic equity of fee structures for ZEV and propose to the Legislature alternative fee structures for funding ZEV infrastructure.

(Reference Assembly Bill 126, 2023)